Investigation of Chinese Herbal Decoctions with Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Sequential Fermentation as Potential Nutrient Supplements

Chinese herbal medicine has attracted increasing attention due to its therapeutic effects. It demands understanding of the processing methods and generated changes control quality offer better final products. In this study, extraction differences were compared among direct plant extracts (DE), standard decoction (SD), spontaneous fermentation (SF) inoculated sequential (IF). Results showed that with transformation probiotics positively contributed release functional compounds from herbs. provided strongest antioxidant capacity best amino acid profile. The flavor compositions decoctions further characterized. Distinctive volatile found, indicating different treatments profoundly altered spectrum components. most aromatic in IF group, which corresponded greatest number upregulated lowest downregulated differential compounds. Beneficial intestinal microbiota voluntary intake tea suggested a possible positive metabolism shift healthy host. conclusion, combination enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency than traditional decoction. may enable broader utilization herbs as potential nutrient supplements, such antibiotic alternatives animal husbandry.